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Standard : Teams track time-in-status across their delivery flow

Purpose and Strategic Importance

This standard ensures teams measure time spent in each stage of their delivery workflow, making bottlenecks and wait states visible. By tracking time-in-status data, teams can continuously optimise flow and reduce wasted effort.

Aligned with our "Limit Work in Progress (WIP)" policy, this standard promotes faster, more predictable delivery and stronger collaboration. Without it, bottlenecks remain hidden, lead times stretch, and continuous improvement stalls.

Strategic Impact

  • Makes delivery bottlenecks and inefficiencies visible
  • Improves predictability and accelerates time-to-value
  • Supports sustainable delivery pace through flow management
  • Encourages collaboration by highlighting cross-team delays
  • Drives improvements through actionable, transparent data

Risks of Not Having This Standard

  • Teams cannot identify where time is lost in the process
  • Long feedback loops and hidden delays persist
  • Missed opportunities to improve system flow
  • Difficulty in making evidence-based improvements
  • Reduced stakeholder confidence in team throughput

CMMI Maturity Model

Level 1 – Initial

Category Description
People & Culture Teams work without visibility into flow efficiency.
Time delays are not discussed or prioritised.
Process & Governance Delivery stages are informal or undefined.
No expectation to track time-in-status.
Technology & Tools Boards or tools are not configured to support tracking.
Metrics are unavailable or inaccurate.
Measurement & Metrics No time-in-status data is collected.
Flow problems are surfaced only through frustration or incident.

Level 2 – Managed

Category Description
People & Culture Some team members begin exploring time-in-status data.
Awareness of bottlenecks emerges.
Process & Governance Workflows include basic stage definitions.
Teams occasionally review work-in-progress limits.
Technology & Tools Basic status tracking is available in tooling (e.g., Jira).
Visual indicators show how long items stay in each column.
Measurement & Metrics Time-in-status is measured on a small subset of work.
Data may not yet inform decisions.

Level 3 – Defined

Category Description
People & Culture Time-in-status is discussed as part of delivery health.
Teams value flow efficiency and continuous improvement.
Process & Governance Time tracking is built into all stages of the workflow.
Retrospectives include review of stage delays.
Technology & Tools Shared dashboards provide visibility into cycle time and stage duration.
Tools are configured to collect consistent data.
Measurement & Metrics Stage-level time data is collected for all work items.
Trends and averages are reviewed and shared.

Level 4 – Quantitatively Managed

Category Description
People & Culture Teams actively manage their own flow.
Time-in-status metrics are used to challenge status quo.
Process & Governance Process tweaks are based on data from time-in-status trends.
Experiments are run to reduce delays.
Technology & Tools Stage durations are benchmarked over time.
Flow metrics are integrated into team dashboards.
Measurement & Metrics Median and variance of time-in-status is tracked.
Teams compare against defined SLAs or improvement targets.

Level 5 – Optimising

Category Description
People & Culture Teams use time-in-status data to inform prioritisation and delivery sequencing.
Flow optimisation is a routine practice.
Process & Governance Flow friction is addressed proactively.
Governance bodies support and promote improvements through metrics.
Technology & Tools Tools provide predictive insights into likely delays.
Work is reshaped in real time based on flow health.
Measurement & Metrics Delays are reduced through targeted improvements.
Flow metrics contribute to strategic and architectural decisions.

Key Measures

  • Time-in-status by workflow stage
  • Lead time broken down by stage and system
  • Work-in-progress (WIP) limits vs actuals
  • Variance in time per status across teams or systems
  • Flow efficiency percentage (active time vs total time)
Associated Policies
  • Balance Sustainability with Speed
  • Minimise Handoffs
  • Measure & Validate Value
Associated Practices
  • SLOs, SLIs, and SLAs
  • Trunk-Based Development
  • Value Stream Mapping
  • Error Budget Policies
  • Feature Toggles (Flags)
  • Release Orchestration Tools

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